Into the Greek Myth: Millennium civilization city (map)

GreeceThe theater "bowl" democracy

The bottom of the bowl is the voice and the center of power, no matter how big the scene, just put them in a "bowl", becomes a controllable. The bowl of attention, then caused to one of the greatest architectural world. Greek amphitheatre a giant bowl, put it down the palace and war, divinity and humanity of hell, the abyss of evil and the fate of the ocean. Amphitheatre this bowl, as the significance of the citizens of Athens Sheng, is a problem space, one does not agree with the space, a democratic space.

The new Acropolis Museum

In the island of Crete, the capital of Heraklion (Heraklion) Museum, there is a "the world's largest bowl", in fact it but the diameter of 10 cm, but the size of one of our soup plate. Just the atmosphere is great: the Tao Wanli sculpture is three-dimensional, bottom stood a shepherd of his flock, layer upon layer has been spread to the edge of a bowl, from near to far presents the perspective changes gradually blurred.

The bowl was revealed from Aegean Sea's first civilization, the Minoan civilization (3100 BC - 1450 BC) began, people have paid attention to the characteristics of "bowl": from the sector around the original bowl, can be amplified in the bowl bottom center of the sound and image. When the shepherd stood at the bottom of the bowl, the bowl on the edge of all the sheep, even the highest office, you can also easily heard him call their voice. The bottom of the bowl is the voice and the center of power, no matter how big the scene, just put them in a "bowl", becomes a controllable.

The bowl of attention, then caused to one of the greatest architectural world. Greek amphitheatre -- a giant bowl, put it down the palace and war, divinity and humanity of hell, the abyss of evil and the fate of the ocean.

The world's first amphitheater is Athens Dio Nirsos Dionysus theater. Its predecessor was the open-air chorus team in the ancient Fair (Agora) up to the open space on the wooden stand. The choir consists of 50 ordinary citizens. In 520 BC, began in between songs interspersed with lines, out of that chanting lines are called Thespis (Thespis), is also the first invention and become "the actor". Until the father of the tragedy of Aeschylus (Aischulos, 525- BC 458 BC), the choral staff cut 1/3, add an actor. This is from "one" to "two" is the key to the change history of drama, because officially produced "dialogue". Epigenetic point of Sophocles, most can only use 3 actors, and it often includes the playwright himself.

But the wooden stand ancient city centralized collapsed in 495 BC in the drama competition, so people on the southern slope of the siege, in accordance with the natural topography, chose a place can be reconstructed theatre. Dionysus theater on the whole construction time, experts have never agreed, but acknowledged in the stage area excavated remains dating from the sixth Century B. C., and the audience area is obviously the building structure in the fifth Century BC, and today we can see some parts, isRomeThe reconstruction results.

So we must study belongs to the Athenian culture of the ancient Greek theatre a coordinate is determined from the time, the best choice is 70 years after the fifth Century b.c.. Let a person be hardly worthy of belief is all Greek tragedy, still retained, at that time from the city of athens.

Hilli Atticus Theatre

BC in fifth Century, has been called "the ancient Greek Renaissance", but it is also two wars and a plague of the century: coverage between the Greek states and Persian Persian War (499 BC - 449 BC), as well as between Athens and Sparta in the Peloponnesian War (431- BC in 404 BC). Before the war the achievements of Athens, to become the first million bond, promoted the establishment of the polis democracy; after a struggle for war, polis democracy corrupt, plus 430 BC to the great plague in 427 BC, Athens more than half the population died, eventually led to the collapse of the empire.

In any war memorial, Dionysus Festival and drama competitions have never broken. Someone once decried the Athenians, when state-owned difficult, still show comedy and farce (satyr play), and playwrightAliStofi replied: "it is our life, all warriors dedicated to the cause of". But the war led to the political struggle, impermanence, bloody slaughter or mercy mercy, has always been the eternal power of dramatic stimulation.

The security of its position in the big bowl

In 5 BC to fourth Century, the earliest bowl-shaped amphitheatre shape. The bottom of the bowl is a stage (Orchestra), where the actors, chorus and dancing performance. Has the diffusion effect on their voices, is the bowl wall slope type seat, the same distance, the sound can be amplified to two to three times the ground, so in the ancient theatre, you will feel the distance people are not commensurate with the big voice. And the amplification effect is more obvious in VIP upwards, a sound bottom but will weaken, so if you want to make a sound mean, stage and the front row of the audience also must distance.

The audience was called "theatron", meaning to watch the place, this is the origin of "theatre". In Greek, "watch (theoros)", also be equal to foreign diplomats, (Ambassador), the interesting association we will mention in this article.

First have a look at the audience, at first the plank soil on the stool all replaced the stone chair, between the development of corridor, can separate seating block, also convenient for people to walk, the whole can accommodate about fourteen thousand to sixteen thousand people. The audience is very clear and detailed partition: 10 tribes Athens each seat, the central has 500 seats to in those days were selected to be the "Council of five hundred". Because of the adult male citizens have the right to enter the Council, so sitting in the central area to enjoy the show is to encourage a citizen participation award. A district belongs to the "ephebes (will be enlisting young people)", another area for foreigners and strangers exclusive. The frontDaliThe stone block VIP is to foreign diplomats, each tribe, the city-state praise hero, drama contest judges and other special noble people sit. But one of the most luxurious, decorated with human sculpture seats, will always belong to preside over the Dionysian sacrificial priest.